Macedonians cast ballots on September 30 on whether to re-name their country North Macedonia, a bid to settle a long-running row with Greece and unlock a path to NATO and EU membership. / AFP PHOTO
by Sally MAIRS and Saska CVETKOVSKA
Agence France Presse
SKOPJE, Macedonia (AFP) — Macedonian voters on Sunday supported a plan to rename the country aimed at ending a decades-long spat with Greece and unlocking a path to NATO and EU membership, although the referendum was marred by low turnout.
With ballots from 93 percent of polling stations counted, 91.3 percent of votes favored the name changing to North Macedonia, compared to 5.7 percent opposed, according to the electoral commission’s official count.
However, only a third of the 1.8 million-strong electorate voted.
Greece reacted to the result with the Foreign Ministry saying it “remains committed” to its June agreement with Skopje under which Athens would drop its objections to Macedonia joining the EU and NATO in return for a change of name.
Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras expressed his support for his Macedonian counterpart in a telephone call in which he hailed the “determination and courage” of Zoran Zaev to “complete the implementation of this agreement”, a government source told AFP.
The non-binding referendum on renaming Macedonia needs to be ratified in parliament by a two-thirds majority and also given the stamp of approval by the Greek parliament.
Zaev and his coalition partners from the ethnic Albanian minority will need at least a dozen MPs from the opposition to back the move.
Lack of enthusiasm
“MPs now have an obligation to make Macedonia a better place for all of us,” Zaev told reporters late on Sunday.
But the rightwing opposition VMRO-DPMNE party said the low turnout made the referendum “deeply unsuccessful” with party leader Hristijan Mickoski telling reporters the “government lost its legitimacy”.
However, the party that ruled Macedonia for a decade until 2017 was split during the referendum campaign. Mickoski did not vote, but several MPs took part in the polls, including party’s vice-president Mitko Janchev.
The European Union urged all sides to respect the result of the referendum.
“I now expect all political leaders to respect this decision and take it forward with utmost responsibility and unity across party lines,” EU enlargement commissioner Johannes Hahn said in a statement.
NATO head Jens Stoltenberg said on Twitter the result was a “historic opportunity”, adding: “NATO’s door is open.”
Zaev said that if he failed to obtain the required majority in the parliament to back the name deal, he would call early elections, two years after the last ones.
The vote is an emotional moment for a country that has struggled for recognition of its name since 1991, when the former Yugoslav republic declared independence.
At the time, Athens kicked up a major fuss, accusing Skopje of stealing the name of its own northern province, which is also called Macedonia.
The dispute dives deep into history with both countries vying to lay claim to Alexander the Great’s ancient empire of Macedon, which spanned their territories.
Zaev had billed the referendum as a painful but “historic” opportunity to break a 27-year-old stalemate.
The June deal, however, was openly opposed by Macedonia’s President Gjorge Ivanov, who is allied with the nationalist opposition and had supported calls for a boycott of the referendum.
Few Macedonians are enthused about the new name, saying they have been unfairly bullied by Greece.
“I am not happy and I do not know anyone who likes this deal,” said 55-year old Danica Taneska, who admitted voting ‘no’ to the change.
But a desire to anchor their future to the West — and the economic prosperity that it could bring — has been a driving force behind the ‘yes’ vote in one of Europe’s poorest nations.
Greece watching closely
The referendum is not binding, but a ‘yes’ majority gives parliament a political mandate to change the constitution.
Sunday’s vote was closely watched across the border in Greece.
“We hope for a positive outcome…. Any other result would create a disturbance,” Greek government spokesman Dimitris Tzanakopoulos said earlier.”
Europe and the US have campaigned hard for the deal, with many leaders passing through Skopje this month to urge Macedonians to seize the “historic” opportunity.
NATO has already issued an invite — on hold until the deal passes — while EU accession talks are scheduled to begin next year.
The West is keen to have another foothold in the Western Balkans, a region where Russia, which is opposed to NATO expansion, has historically had influence.
At home, those in favor of the deal say a desire for an EU future is helping bind ethnic Macedonians with the Albanian minority, who are broadly pro-West.
While Macedonia avoided the full-scale inter-ethnic wars that rippled across the region during the collapse of Yugoslavia, it was roiled by an Albanian insurgency in 2001 that left more than 100 dead.
A peace deal was reached later that year granting Albanians more political rights, but tensions have remained.
© Agence France-Presse